Watching movies on the net, you can see many different abbreviations in the titles. Many simply do not betray them, but in vain. These abbreviations can say a lot about the quality of the picture in the film. Consider the decoding of these inscriptions in ascending order.
CAMRip or - as the title implies, this video was filmed conventional camera from the cinema screen. Often, the image of the video sequence in this case leaves much to be desired. When viewing, you can hear laughter and comments in the hall, see the heads of people who enter the cinema hall. This is due to the fact that such a video is filmed in the first days of the rental with a small video camera installed next to one of the viewers. To make it clearer, go to the cinema and shoot a video on your smartphone, and you will get a CamRIP.
Next comes TS(telesync). This is the same screen, but the shooting principle is slightly different. In this case the picture a little better, because it is used professional a digital camera that stands in an empty room. In this case, the sound is recorded directly from the broadcasting equipment. The most commonly used sound is stereo.
Video VHS-rip, as the name implies - recorded with video cassettes. Often when viewing, artifacts, stripes, dots are visible. It all depends on the safety of the cassette from which the rip was made.
Quality WP is quite rare. - in fact, a stolen version of the film that was stolen from the film studio. This is a draft version, which may differ from what will be shown on the screens. There is a timer here, which is used for video editing and other inscriptions.
A leak material can happen not only at the film studio, it happens that copies of films that were intended for critics and other people associated with the film industry get into the network.
Or SCR- rip off video cassettes intended for critical viewing. Quality, most often decent, but the video contains watermarks, captions, and warnings about the illegal distribution of material.
Another option DVDScr- the same as SCR, but extends to dvd. The picture may be good, but spoiled by watermarks.
The next format is TC or, is done from a film strip. It uses professional equipment - film scanner or written directly from the projector. Characterized by good sound and quality, although the latter largely depends on the hardware.
Or LDRip- now almost never occurs. This is a copy made with laser disc.
material recorded with TV called TV-rip. The picture directly depends on the quality of the source material, often there are logos of TV channels. The image is inferior to DVD Rip, although it should be identical.
Similar formats to TV Rip:
The quality, as in the previous case, largely depends on the source material from which the recording was made.
Format PDTV- translates as pure digital television (). This is a cross between HDTV and regular cable TV.
For the record PDTVRip use special equipment or a conventional TV tuner. Most often, channel logos are present, although not always. The quality can compete with DVD-Rip.
DVDRip- boasts the best quality of the above. It's a rip of the ordinary DVD disc. In fairness, it is worth noting that the quality will also depend on the professionalism of the ripper. The sound can be both stereo and 5-6 channel. Most often, the standard size is 2.18 GB, 1.46 GB or 745 MB.
DVD- a complete digital copy of the disc. Currently losing its popularity, and losing ground HD-DVD and Blu-Ray. In the case of such a rip is done copy structures: AUDIO_TS for audio tracks and VIDEO_TS for video. Exists several types DVD:
Rip in format DVDCustom- disk created on one's own. These discs are created by professionals and amateurs, but never released. Also included here are DVDs that have been recompiled: i.e. credits, bonuses, or other material has been removed from the disc.
Quality HDrip- obtained from any source high definition starting at 720p. This does not include rip from HDTV or any other unknown source. The picture is better than DVDRip.
Rip made with satellite HDTV broadcast in HD is called HDTVRip
Quality is obtained through compression WEB-DL to save space. Sometimes the video is compressed in FullHD and HD, but SD is often used.
Like the previous format, HD DVDRip clipped from HDDVD, but the quality SD is quite rare. Usually use HD 1080p and 720p.
This format is obtained by pressing the original with blu— Ray or BDRemux. Usually compressed into HD, less often in SD. However, the quality is slightly worse than the original.
HDTV- the worst of the high-definition formats. As the name implies, this is television broadcast in high definition. Most often, color reproduction suffers and there are artifacts due to the quality of signal transmission. However, HDTV can provide a better picture than DVD.
Format web— DL broadcast over the Internet, and also has a better quality than HDTV. At the same time, there are no icons and channel logos. There is one minus - such broadcasts are most often paid.
When recompiling uncompressed HDDVD video into TS or MKV, one gets HD DVDRemux. Often we get a video of excellent quality, but with cut out additional materials, subtitles, etc.
Rarely used format. Could not compete with Blu-Ray. HD DVD implies a complete copy of the disc, with an excellent picture 1920x1080.
If you rebuild the Blu-Ray container into ts or mkv format, you get BDRemux. Perfect picture, no loss of quality, but no additional material from the disc.
Blu-ray discs have an increased track density, which allows you to record high-definition video on them. Full HD 1080 p. The format implies making a complete copy of such a disc.
In addition to the above, there are several other designations that do not apply to image quality.
WS or wide screen- literally translated as widescreen video.
LB or letter box- A 4:3 video that contains a widescreen image.
FS or full screen- full screen video in 4:3 format.
Proper- the image has a better picture than the previous one.
SiteRip- as the name implies, this includes a video downloaded from sites, often paid.
Theatrical Cut, TC- version for cinemas and broadcasts.
extended cut, EU- videos with additional scenes that were cut for the theatrical version (violent scenes, 18+, etc.).
Director's Cut, DC- this version allows you to see the whole idea of the director, that's why it is called the director's version. Here, scenes from the theatrical version may be changed, as well as episodes that were removed by the producers in order to boost the ratings of the film.
Special Edition, SE- usually similar to the gift version. A special edition that may contain bonuses, alternate endings, materials. In addition, the disc itself can be sold in special packaging and with some accessories.
Technological progress due to the release of new, more advanced devices for scanning flat and voluminous objects is changing the established ways of working in printing, document management, design and other related areas. Convenience and high performance are their hallmarks. Such devices use a different scanning method and are called planetary scanners.
For the customer, two questions are important:
1. Does it make sense to use a planetary scanner instead of a traditional flatbed scanner?
2. Choosing the most suitable model.
The disadvantage of a planetary scanner is the price. Otherwise, it has significant advantages, one of which is the ability to scan bulky items that traditional lid scanners cannot.
The rate of single cycle speed is much higher than that of a flatbed scanner. The device processes 90 A4 pages per minute, regardless of the complexity of the scanned object. This is significantly faster than older lamp scanners, for which the digitization time at best can be 4 seconds per page, but in practice - all 20.
One of its main advantages is compactness. The body of the model is elongated and easy to move. Because nutrition comes from USB port, the device can be taken with you on a business trip or to a meeting with a customer. But the main thing is a convenient workflow that does not require unnecessary manipulations, such as opening and closing the lid, careful positioning and division into parts of a non-standard original, especially if it is fragile and valuable, such as a rare antique tome.
This scanner will be the optimal solution for manufacturing organizations or offices with a high document flow intensity. For museums, antique dealers and archival organizations of all kinds, the planetary scanner will be the only way to create inexpensive digital copies.
To date, the range of such devices with an adequate price is not replete with variety. Today in Moscow you can buy the following models:
These popular planetary scanners are produced by two companies: E-Loam, which is an Asian brand, and Sceye, an Austrian manufacturer, promoted by a second brand, Kodak.
The official supplier of this equipment in Russia is NStor, website http://www.quickscan.ru.
Two models are most in demand on the Russian market - e-Loam S500A and Sceye X A4 LED.
Dimensions and weight are almost the same:
Sceye X A4 LED (36 cm x 12 cm x 10 cm, weight 700 grams)
e-Loam S500A (41 cm x 10 cm x 9 cm, weight 800 grams)
Both models have A4 scanning format, are equipped with backlight, are identically equipped with: mat, USB cable, software.
The scanning speed of each model is 20 copies per second. It should also be noted that the software of these scanners significantly improves the original images.
The difference in the digitized image is practically not noticeable. Any documents after recognition will be absolutely identical
For 99% of office tasks, the e-Loam S500A (200 dpi) scanner is enough, but if you use professional printing equipment and you need to print very high quality images (photos), your choice is Sceye X A4 LED (300 dpi) .
Video (video - I see, I look) is the transformation of an image by a recording device into a sequence of electrical signals recorded on the storage (drive) of information. Also, video is a huge variety of technologies for recording, processing, transmitting, storing and reproducing visual or audiovisual material (cinema, films, video recordings, music, video, etc.). Video differs from film and cinema only in that it uses any medium other than film for playback and recording, although the modern development of digital film technology and digital cinema projectors is finally blurring the line between video, film and cinema. The video format determines the structure of the video file, how the file will be stored on the storage medium (CD, DVD, Blu-ray Disc, flash memory cards, hard drives or communication channels). Usually different video formats have different file extensions (*.avi; *.mpg; *.ts; *.mov; *.mkv; *.3gp, etc.).
The best video of the highest quality today is HDTV (English High-Definition Television) - high-definition television, high-definition television. HD is a high-definition video format, a modern high-definition image format.
1) 720p– 1280×720 pixels (dots), progressive scan (progressive scan, all lines of each frame are displayed sequentially), aspect ratio 16:9, frequency — 24, 25, 30, 50 or 60 frames per second;
2) 1080i– 1920×1080 pixels, interlaced scanning (each frame is divided into two half-frames consisting of lines selected through one line, 2 times the frame rate compared to progressive scanning), aspect ratio 16:9, frequency - 50 or 60 fields per second;
3) 1080p– 1920×1080 pixels, progressive scan, aspect ratio 16:9, frame rate - 24, 25 or 30 frames per second.
Each of these video formats uses a different way of converting a series of still images into a moving picture. In interlaced scanning (symbol "i"), a still image or "frame" is reproduced by scanning 2 sets of alternating lines or "fields" (half-frames). With progressive scan (symbol “p”), a frame is created in just one pass (scan). That is, if the image scanning in both video formats (“i” and “p”) is carried out at the same speed, which means that an equal number of runs occur per second, then the advantage of progressive scanning (“p”) becomes obvious (picture quality is better ), since the full image (frame) is scanned, and not half of the image (field). Within this progressive scan (“p”), fewer dots and lines are output, but the speed is doubled.
Conclusion: both video formats, 1080i and 1080p, look better under different conditions. The 1080i video format is designed to reproduce the fine details of a picture with little movement or in still frames and images. This video format is much better suited for "spatial resolution". The 1080i video format works great as long as there is no frame motion. When objects begin to move, the trajectory of movement between alternating fields (half-frames) begins to change. This is called “motion artifacts”, i.e. picture noise or visible video distortion that resembles a step pattern. 1080i video quality is considered obsolete.
1080p video quality takes precedence in motion. It does not introduce visible distortions into the picture, regardless of the speed of moving objects, therefore it has the best "temporal resolution". However, still frames will not look very clear when frozen, because 1080p video has far fewer dots and lines than 1080i video.
HDTV video signal transmission over long distances (satellite TV - S2, cable TV), is usually done using compression methods to reduce data transmission bandwidth requirements (from 1.485 Gbps to 8-25 Mbps), while the quality video remains good.
The best video formats available today are MPEG-2, MPEG-4, H.264 or AVC (video compression standards (codecs), which are designed to achieve a high degree of video compression while maintaining high quality).
HDTV video signal transmission over a short distance (from the user's tuner (receiver) to the monitor (TV)) is carried out in its original (uncompressed) form via HDMI and DVI-D digital cables. The use of digital interfaces (cables) completely avoids compression and video conversion and preserves the best image.
Digital video quality is a measure of the signal-to-noise ratio. And what is the best video quality and movie quality, and what can be downloaded from the Internet? Well, first of all, it should be said that the main requirement for formats for the Internet is compactness. It is clear that the DVD or HDTV format will not work. But almost any video filmed on a mobile phone or digital camera complies with the requirements of the Internet. And the question arises, what is the most optimal and best video quality with maximum compression for the convenience of downloading from the Internet, and what are the designations of movie formats?
Many Internet users confuse the best quality of HDTV movies with the HDTV-Rip video ripping method. HDTV-Rip is copying video from a broadcast high-definition video source (movies) - HDTV. This is possible using various codecs and compression methods. As a result, HDTV-Rip movies may not have the highest HD quality. Rip video broadcast from an HDTV channel, can come with the channel's logo. Also, don't confuse HD video with HDTV high-definition video.
There are other Rip formats for illegal video copying:Format CAM or CAMRip- this is an extremely low quality of sound and video taken from a video camera in the cinema hall (usually on the days of the premiere), the so-called "screen".
Telesync (TS)– video is recorded from the screen, usually with a professional (digital) camera mounted on a tripod in an empty cinema or in the operator's cabin. Audio is recorded in stereo, usually directly from the audio source. Video quality is not the best, but much better than CAMRip.
Telecine (TC)– a copy of the video is taken from the film, using special equipment. The film is recorded from the projector by the cinema staff with outputs for audio and video. Prior to the advent of DVD, this technology provided the best video quality available.
DVD-Rip (DVDRip) is a Rip from a licensed DVD, compressed into MPEG4 (mp4) format to reduce the size of the movie. Sometimes the better picture quality versions are referred to as SuperDVD, HQ DVD (High Quality DVD Video).
HD-DVD-Rip (HDDVD-Rip, HDDVD-Rip, HDDVD)– Rip from an HD-DVD disc (from 15 GB per layer). Refers to the HDTV format. The quality format is obsolete, discontinued and replaced by a new optical drive format Blu-ray Disc (English blue ray - blue beam and disc - disc).
BD-Rip (BDRip, BRRip, BR-Rip) is a Rip recorded from a Blu-Ray DVD disc (from 25 GB per layer). Refers to HDTV. Real BDRip movies have much better quality than DVDRip. The size of a valid movie is 9.5 GB. Often the designation indicates the size of the image in pixels. For example, BDRip.720p BD-Rip.1080p. Sometimes there are copies from the DVD format with an enlarged picture and the wrong BDRip designation. Blu-ray (“blue beam”) is an optical media format used for high-density recording and storage of digital data, including HDTV high-definition video, gets its name from its use for recording and reading shortwave (405 nm) “blue” (technically blue-violet) laser. The letter "e" was intentionally removed from the word "blue" in order to register under its own trademark, since the expression "blue ray" is often used and cannot be registered as a trademark.
Mobile is a video made for mobile devices; typically, the resolution is between 320x240 and 640x480 pixels.
Standard Definition (SD)- Standard definition video, 525-625 lines.
High Definition (HD)- video standard with video resolution corresponding to high definition television:
HD-720- video standard with a resolution from 1280 × 528 pixels to 1280 × 720, sometimes the entire range of WXGA resolutions.
HD-1080 is a video standard with resolutions from 1440×1080 to 1920×1080 pix.
i- (Interlace) – Interlace scan.
p- (Progressive) - Progressive scanning.
AVI (Audio Video Interleaved) is an extension of a huge number of video files, a video file format introduced by Microsoft for the use of video systems in operating system Windows. The .avi file format is known as a media container and is a file format just like MP3 or JPG. This is a RIFF media container developed by Microsoft that can store 4 types of streams - video, audio, text and midi. This video container can include video of any format (MPEG-1, MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and MPEG-7), music of different formats, and possibly any combination of codecs. So, if MP3 and JPG files are built using only the main type of data compression (MPEG Audio Layer 3 and JPEG), an AVI file can contain various types of compressed data (for example, DivX - video + WMA - audio or Indeo - video + PCM - audio ), depending on which codec is used for encoding or decoding. Like DVD, AVI files support multi-stream audio-video. AVI files can contain various kinds of compressed data, such as DivX for video and MP3 for audio.
WMV (Windows Media Video)- This is a format from Microsoft, it is in it that you will receive a video made using Movie Maker.
MOV- Apple Macintosh QuickTime format, can contain, in addition to video, graphics, animation, 3D. Most often, QuickTime Player is needed to play this format.
mkv- (Matryoshka or Matroska) - also a video container that can contain video, audio, subtitles, menus, etc. It is open source, not very common yet, but very promising.
3gp- video for mobile phones third generation, have a small size and low quality.
FLV (Flash Video)- a video format for posting and transmitting on the Internet, used by such sites for posting video clips as YouTube, RuTube, Tube.BY, Google Video, Movies and many others.
SWF (Shockwave Flash)- this is an extension of animation created in Adobe Flash, as well as video in flash format, played by browsers using Flash Player. Flash videos are also widely distributed on the Internet.
RM, RA, RAM- extensions of the RealVideo format from RealNetworks, which is used for television broadcasts on the Internet. It has a small file size and low quality, but it allows you to watch, for example, a TV news release on the website of a certain TV company.
VOB (Versioned Object Base) is an extension of a media container that can contain multiple streams of video (MPEG-2 format) and audio, as well as the menu and subtitles of a movie. These are the main files on the movie DVD.
IFO- files on a DVD containing information about the movie, menu, VOB file launch order, necessary, for example, for a DVD player, i.e. service files. Created during the conversion or authoring process, i.e. burning a DVD.
m2v, m2p- MPEG-2 video extensions, creating VOB files, and burning a DVD. Playable with Real Networks RealPlayer and Microsoft Windows Media Player.
PS: Pan and Scan are films made to test the reaction of the audience. They are shown on a square screen. If this movie is re-recorded for viewing at home, then the quality of the video format must also be redone. Most US television movies made after 1955 were recorded at 1.85:1 (Europeans are recorded at 1.66:1). Although the exception is a special format for anamorphic lenses - Cinemascope (2.35: 1). A standard TV has an aspect ratio of 1.33:1, i.e. if you convert to video format, you need to reduce the picture. This is done as follows: the video is cut in width (on both sides). If you purchased a DVD and there is no "Original film format" mark, then you can assume that the movie was cut using the Pan and Scan method. If you want the whole movie, then you should buy a DVD marked "Widescreen".
dubbed: the original sound was cut and replaced (Example: an audio track from a Russian cinema was overdubbed onto a North American release of a film screening).
Line Dubbed: (same as Dubbed), except that the sound was taken from the "chair" (the headphone jack in the theater chair) or the "projector" (Line).
Mic dubbed: the same as Dubbed, only the sound was recorded through a microphone in a movie theater.
Straight To Video (STV): - the movie was released immediately on DVD or VHS - a cassette without showing in cinemas, the quality of the video format is DVDrip or VHSrip, respectively.
subbed: movie with captions;
WS: Widescreen;
LETTERBOX: another term for Widescreen;
UNCUT, UNRATED: Uncensored version;
THEATRICAL: release of the film specifically for showing in cinemas;
LIMITED: the film was shown in more than 500 cinemas;
DC: "Director's Cut" Director's cut - a release of the film, different from showing in cinemas;
SE: "Special Edition" Special edition of the motion picture;
FS: Fullscreen, full screen video format;
PROPER: remastered release of the film, i.e. the previous version of this TV movie was of much lower quality;
RECODE: movie release remade into another format or recoded;
DUPE: a dupe is a video release released second after the original (duplicate), but not stolen (STOLEN), but simply taken from another video source (suplier);
REMASTERED: a studio replacement of the quality of video and / or audio was carried out on specialized computer equipment;
RETAIL: official release, indicated when the previous version was from an illegal video source and of poor quality;
WATERMARKED: contains small logos of a TV channel or a releaser (copywriter);
RERIP: new rewritten video release.
Duplicate translation (dubbing): prof. polyphonic (usually more than 10-15 understudies), in the absence of unique voices in the background. If the original voices are heard even slightly in the background, this is no longer considered a dubbed translation, but is an offscreen translation. Duplicate translation is a harsh and very expensive job. It can take weeks or months to complete because it is necessary that the voice of the understudy significantly matches the original in temperament, in timbre, when the rewritten text is brought into line with the movement of the lips of the character, etc. Great similarity can be found only in high-quality dubbing, usually in the best-selling films (bestsellers).
Polyphonic voiceover - polyphonic (3-5 voices) translation behind the scenes, in which, unlike a dubbed translation, you can hear unique voices (original sources). Usually the function of an understudy who participates in the dubbing of a movie is not to obscure the original voice, but simply to translate the text into Russian. Translation can be both professional quality and amateur, although the border between them is very narrow.
One-voice voice-over- a translation carried out by one person for all voices (usually a man). Such translations into Russian are especially familiar to fans of VHS videos from the 80s and 90s. In the future, well-known and having their own original feature.
Studio "Full Pe" – translations of the Goblin into Russian without changes, while preserving the meaning of the film. They differ in censorship and compliance with the unique text of the film. Indecent swearing, if present in the original, is translated as indecent swearing. If there is no swearing in the original, there will be no swearing in the Goblin's translation.
Studio "God's spark" - funny translations of the Goblin, often with elements of obscene language. Parodies of Russian video translations performed by Dmitry Puchkov - Goblin, often changing the meaning and plot of the film.
What is the best video and movie quality? What video formats exist?
The best quality of video formats Video (video - I see, I look) is the conversion of an image by a recording device into a sequence of electrical signals recorded on the storage (drive) of information. Also, video is a huge variety of technologies for recording, processing, transmitting, storing and reproducing visual or audiovisual material (cinema, films, video recordings, music, video, etc.). Video is different from film and cinema...
